Physically handicapped PwD candidates के लिए India में सभी central government sarkari exams में Section 34, RPWD Act 2016 के तहत 4% horizontal reservation है। UPSC Civil Services से SSC, IBPS, SBI, Railway और State PSC तक हर major exam में PwD candidates को reservation, age relaxation, fee concession, scribe facility और compensatory time मिलते हैं। यह PwD sarkari exam list specially abled candidates के लिए equal opportunity का complete guide है। Disability कभी career की बाधा नहीं होती। Breaking barriers की यह journey inclusive government policy से शुरू होती है। सही जानकारी से divyang government job का सपना पूरा होता है। SarkariExam.Center पर सभी PwD eligible exams की notifications और mock tests available हैं।
| Benefit | PwD Candidates को क्या मिलता है | Legal Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Reservation | 4% Horizontal Reservation सभी central posts में | Section 34, RPWD Act 2016 |
| Age Relaxation | 10 years (UR), 13 years (OBC), 15 years (SC/ST) | DOPT OM 2017 |
| Application Fee | अधिकतर exams में पूरी fee माफ | Individual exam notification |
| Scribe / Reader | Writing disability होने पर scribe available | DOPT OM 26.02.2013 |
| Extra Time | 20 minutes प्रति घंटे compensatory time | DOPT OM 2013 |
| Exam Center | Ground floor, accessible center preference | DoPT guidelines |
| Question Paper | Large print / Braille (VH candidates) | Individual exam rules |
| Interview Accommodation | Sign language interpreter, accessible venue | RPWD Act 2016 |
| Backlog Vacancies | Unfilled PwD posts अगले year carry forward | Section 36, RPWD Act |
RPWD Act 2016: PwD Candidates के Legal Rights
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 (RPWD Act) ने पुराने PDA 1995 की जगह ली। Section 34 specifically government employment में 4% reservation mandate करता है। Section 36 backlog vacancies के बारे में है। इस act के तहत disability categories 7 से बढ़कर 21 हो गई हैं। Benchmark Disability वे होती है जिसमें 40% या उससे अधिक certified disability हो। केवल benchmark disability वाले candidates government job reservation के eligible हैं।
RPWD Act 2016 की 21 Disability Categories
| Exam Category | Disability Types | Short Code |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Handicap (VH) | Blindness, Low Vision | VH |
| Hearing Handicap (HH) | Deaf, Hard of Hearing | HH |
| Locomotor Disability (OH) | OA (One Arm), OL (One Leg), BL (Both Legs), BAA (Both Arms Affected), OAL (One Arm One Leg), Leprosy Cured, Dwarfism, Acid Attack Victim | OH |
| Intellectual Disability (ID) | Intellectual Disability, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Specific Learning Disabilities | ID |
| Multiple Disability (MD) | दो या अधिक disabilities एक साथ | MD |
| Other Specified Disabilities | Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Mental Illness, Thalassemia, Hemophilia, Sickle Cell, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s, Speech-Language Disability, Chronic Neurological Conditions | Post-wise eligible |
4% PwD Reservation कैसे काम करती है
Central government jobs में 4% horizontal reservation PwD candidates के लिए है। Horizontal का मतलब यह reservation General, OBC, SC, ST सभी vertical categories में लागू होती है। यानी अगर 100 posts हैं तो 4 posts PwD के लिए reserved हैं, और इन 4 में General/OBC/SC/ST का ratio maintain होता है।
| PwD Sub-Category | Reservation % | Disability Types |
|---|---|---|
| Category A | 1% | VH (Blind और Low Vision) |
| Category B | 1% | HH (Deaf और Hard of Hearing) |
| Category C | 1% | OH (Locomotor, Leprosy Cured, Cerebral Palsy, Acid Attack, Dwarfism) |
| Category D और E | 1% | ID (Intellectual, ASD) और MD (Multiple Disabilities) |
| Total | 4% | सभी categories |
Backlog Vacancies (Section 36, RPWD Act): किसी वर्ष PwD quota न भरने पर vacancy अगले वर्ष backlog के रूप में add होती है। Backlog posts identify करके candidates apply कर सकते हैं।
Age Relaxation और Fee Concession
| Category | PwD Age Relaxation | Maximum Age After Relaxation |
|---|---|---|
| General (UR) PwD | +10 years | Normal limit + 10 |
| OBC PwD | +13 years total (3 OBC + 10 PwD) | Normal limit + 13 |
| SC/ST PwD | +15 years total (5 SC/ST + 10 PwD) | Normal limit + 15 |
| Exam | General Fee | PwD Fee |
|---|---|---|
| UPSC CSE / All UPSC Exams | ₹100 | ₹0 |
| SSC CGL / CHSL / MTS / JE | ₹100 | ₹0 |
| IBPS PO / Clerk / RRB / SO | ₹850 | ₹0 |
| SBI PO / Clerk / SO | ₹750 | ₹0 |
| RBI Grade B / Assistant / OA | ₹850 | ₹0 |
| Railway (RRB All Exams) | ₹500 | ₹0 |
| LIC AAO / ADO | ₹700 | ₹0 |
| NABARD / SEBI / IFSCA | ₹850 | ₹0 |
| State PSC Exams | ₹100-₹500 | ₹0 (अधिकतर states में) |
Scribe Facility और Extra Time: Complete Rules
यह Scribe किसे मिलती है
- VH (Blind candidates): हमेशा scribe eligible
- OH (arms/hands affected): Writing में difficulty होने पर eligible
- MD (Multiple Disability): Writing affected हो तो eligible
- HH candidates: Generally scribe नहीं मिलती, hearing से writing affect नहीं होती
Scribe की Qualification Rules (DOPT OM 2013)
- Scribe की educational qualification candidate से एक class नीचे होनी चाहिए
- Scribe candidate का रिश्तेदार या जान-पहचान का नहीं होना चाहिए
- UPSC/SSC जैसे exams में exam authority द्वारा scribe provide होती है
- कुछ exams में candidate खुद scribe ला सकता है, नियम notification में check करें
- Scribe को exam hall में candidate के पास बैठने की अनुमति होती है
Compensatory Extra Time Table
| Exam Duration | Extra Time (20 min/hour) | Total Time | Example Exam |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 minutes | 20 minutes | 80 minutes | RBI OA Online Test |
| 90 minutes | 30 minutes | 120 minutes | IBPS Clerk Prelims |
| 120 minutes | 40 minutes | 160 minutes | IBPS PO Prelims, RPF Constable |
| 180 minutes | 60 minutes | 240 minutes | UPSC Prelims, SSC CGL Tier I |
| 200 minutes | 67 minutes | 267 minutes | IBPS PO Mains |
Post-Wise PwD Suitability: कौन सी Post किस Disability के लिए
यह सबसे critical information है जो PwD candidates miss करते हैं। सभी government posts सभी disability types के लिए suitable नहीं होतीं। हर exam notification में post-wise suitability list दी जाती है। गलत post apply करने पर selection के बाद posting नहीं मिलती।
| Post / Service | VH | HH | OH (OA) | OH (OL/BL) | MD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAS (UPSC CSE) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Case-by-case |
| IRS (Income Tax) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SSC CGL – Auditor/Accountant | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SSC CGL – Tax Assistant | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Case-by-case |
| SSC CHSL – LDC/JSA | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SSC MTS – Multi Tasking Staff | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Bank PO (IBPS/SBI) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Bank Clerk (IBPS/SBI) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| RBI Grade B | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Railway Ministerial Posts | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Case-by-case |
| Railway Group D (Physical) | Limited | Limited | Limited | Limited | Limited |
| CAPF / Police Posts | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| Teaching Posts (KVS/NVS) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Case-by-case |
| LIC AAO | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Important Note: Posts जिनमें physical fitness compulsory है (Police, CAPF, Army, Navy, Air Force) उनमें PwD candidates generally eligible नहीं होते। हर notification में “Suitability for Persons with Disabilities” section जरूर पढ़ें।
UPSC Civil Services में PwD Candidates
यह UPSC CSE India का most prestigious sarkari exam है जिसमें PwD candidates को विशेष provisions मिलती हैं। IAS, IPS, IFS जैसी top services में PwD officers successfully काम कर रहे हैं। Government job for disabled persons में UPSC सबसे empowering option है।
| UPSC CSE Provision | PwD के लिए नियम |
|---|---|
| Reservation | 4% Horizontal (सभी categories में) |
| Application Fee | Zero (Exempted) |
| Age Limit (UR PwD) | Normal 32 years + 10 = 42 years |
| Age Limit (OBC PwD) | Normal 35 years + 13 = 45 years |
| Age Limit (SC/ST PwD) | No upper limit effectively |
| Attempts (UR PwD) | 9 attempts (UR को 6 extra 3) |
| Attempts (OBC PwD) | 9 attempts |
| Attempts (SC/ST PwD) | Unlimited |
| Scribe | Available for eligible disability |
| Extra Time | 20 min/hour compensatory time |
| Exam Center | Accessible, ground floor preferred |
UPSC CSE की complete preparation के लिए UPSC CSE Exam page पढ़ें।
SSC Exams में PwD Candidates
| SSC Exam | PwD Eligible Categories | Posts PwD के लिए | Fee | Age Relaxation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSC CGL | VH, HH, OH, MD | Auditor, Accountant, Tax Assistant, UDC | Exempt | 10/13/15 years |
| SSC CHSL | VH, HH, OH, MD | LDC, JSA, PA, SA, DEO | Exempt | 10/13/15 years |
| SSC MTS | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | MTS (All posts) | Exempt | 10/13/15 years |
| SSC JE | OH (OA, OL, BL, BAA), VH, HH | Junior Engineer (technical) | Exempt | 10/13/15 years |
| SSC CPO | Very Limited (Police nature) | Very few posts suitable | Exempt | 10/13/15 years |
Banking Exams में PwD Reservation
Banking sector disabled candidates sarkari naukri के लिए सबसे popular choice है। IBPS PwD candidates के लिए fee exempt और full accommodation मिलती है। Bank exam में scribe in bank exam की facility IBPS और SBI दोनों provide करते हैं। Office-based work physical fitness पर depend नहीं करता।
| Banking Exam | PwD Eligible | Fee | Scribe | Extra Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBPS PO | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | 40 min (2 hr exam) |
| IBPS Clerk | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | 30 min (90 min exam) |
| IBPS SO | VH, HH, OH (post-wise) | Exempt | Available | 40 min |
| IBPS RRB | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | Post-wise |
| SBI PO | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | 40 min |
| SBI Clerk | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | 30 min |
| RBI Grade B | VH, HH, OH (Suitable) | Exempt | Available | 40 min |
| RBI Assistant | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Exempt | Available | 30 min |
| LIC AAO / ADO | VH, HH, OH, MD | Exempt | Available | 40 min |
Railway Exams में PwD Candidates
| Railway Exam | PwD Eligible | Suitable Posts | Fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| RRB NTPC | VH, HH, OH, MD | Junior Clerk, Accounts Clerk, Traffic Assistant | Exempt |
| RRB Group D | OH (Limited), VH, HH | Very limited posts (mostly physical) | Exempt |
| RRB Ministerial Posts | VH, HH, OH, MD, ID | Clerk, Typist, Steno, JA/AA | Exempt |
| RRB JE | OH, VH, HH (eligible posts) | Technical Junior Engineer posts | Exempt |
State PSC Exams में PwD Reservation
State PSC exams में PwD reservation state-wise अलग होती है। कई states में यह 4% से अधिक है। State PSC exams में PwD candidates के लिए अलग notification sections होते हैं।
| State | PwD Reservation % | Key State PSC Exams | Age Relaxation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh (UPPSC) | 4% | PCS, APS, Review Officer | 15 years (all PwD) |
| Maharashtra (MPSC) | 4% | State Service, Police Sub-Inspector | 10/13/15 years |
| Tamil Nadu (TNPSC) | 4% | Group I, II, IV | 10 years (all PwD) |
| Rajasthan (RPSC) | 4% | RAS, Teacher Exams | 10/13/15 years |
| Bihar (BPSC) | 4% | Combined Competitive Exam | 10/13/15 years |
| Madhya Pradesh (MPPSC) | 6% | State Service, Forest Service | 10 years extra |
| Karnataka (KPSC) | 4% | KAS, FDA, SDA | 10 years |
| Haryana (HPSC) | 3% | HCS, Allied Services | 10 years |
| Uttarakhand (UKPSC) | 4% | PCS, Patwari, LT Grade | 15 years (all PwD) |
| Odisha (OPSC) | 4% | OAS, Odisha Allied Services | 10 years |
अन्य Major Sarkari Exams में PwD Quota
| Exam | Conducting Body | PwD Reservation | Special Provision |
|---|---|---|---|
| NABARD Grade A | NABARD | 4% | Fee exempt, scribe available |
| SEBI Grade A | SEBI | 4% | Fee exempt |
| KVS TGT/PGT/PRT | KVS | 4% | Fee exempt, accessible exam |
| NVS Recruitment | NVS | 4% | Fee exempt |
| India Post GDS | India Post | 4% | Fee exempt |
| EPFO SSA | EPFO | 4% | Fee exempt, scribe available |
| CTET / TET | CBSE / States | Fee exempt | Extra time, scribe |
| High Court Clerks | State High Courts | State-wise (3-5%) | State-wise rules |
| IB ACIO | MHA | 4% (limited posts) | Physical suitability required |
| AAI Junior Executive | AAI | 4% | Fee exempt |
Interview और Selection के बाद PwD Accommodations
Selection के बाद भी PwD candidates को workplace accommodations का अधिकार है। यह RPWD Act 2016 के Section 20 और 21 के तहत है।
- Interview में Sign Language Interpreter: HH candidates के लिए available (request पर)
- Interview Venue: Ground floor, ramp access वाला venue
- Modified Duties: Disability के अनुसार कुछ physical duties modify हो सकती हैं
- Accessible Workplace: Ramp, accessible washroom, elevator की सुविधा mandatory है
- Assistive Technology: Screen reader, magnifying software employer द्वारा provide होना चाहिए
- Posting Preference: Home state या accessible location में posting preference
- Medical Examination: Standard medical में disability के कारण unfit declare नहीं किया जा सकता
Disability-Type के अनुसार Best Sarkari Exams
Visual Impairment (VH) के लिए Best Exams
- Banking Exams (IBPS/SBI): Screen reader compatible, most VH-friendly jobs
- SSC CGL (Auditor/Accountant): Scribe और Braille paper available
- UPSC CSE: No restriction, many VH officers IAS/IRS serve कर रहे हैं
- LIC AAO: Office insurance work, VH के लिए suitable
- Teaching (KVS/NVS): VH teachers successfully पढ़ा रहे हैं
Hearing Impairment (HH) के लिए Best Exams
- SSC CGL/CHSL: Clerical और data entry, HH के लिए highly suitable
- Banking Exams: Counter और back-office work, HH candidates excellent
- Railway Ministerial Posts: Office work, limited oral communication
- State PSC Allied Services: Desk jobs जहाँ written communication primary हो
- PSU Technical Posts: Engineering PSUs में HH engineers काम करते हैं
Locomotor Disability (OH) के लिए Best Exams
- Banking Exams: Wheelchair accessible offices, best career option
- UPSC CSE: IAS/IRS में OH officers successfully serve कर रहे हैं
- SSC CGL (All desk posts): OH के लिए most suitable exam
- RBI Grade B: Highly prestigious, OH candidates eligible
- PSU Finance/HR/Admin: Office-based roles, OH के लिए ideal
Intellectual Disability (ID) और ASD के लिए
- SSC MTS: Structured routine work, ID के लिए suitable
- Group D (Peon/Attender): Simple tasks, routine work
- State Government Peon/Attender Posts: Specifically ID-reserved posts
- Sheltered Employment: DDA, NHFDC जैसे organizations में
PwD Certificate: Process और Requirements
- Step 1: District Hospital या CMO office में संपर्क करें
- Step 2: Medical Board द्वारा disability assess होती है
- Step 3: Minimum 40% disability confirm होने पर certificate issue होता है
- Step 4: Certificate पर disability type, percentage, Medical Board seal और signature होती है
- Step 5: Application में PwD select करें और certificate number mention करें
- Step 6: Document Verification में original certificate present करें
Certificate Validity: Usually 5 years valid होता है। Permanent disability के लिए lifetime validity certificate मिल सकता है। Medical Board का पूरा नाम, designation और stamp जरूरी है।
Government Schemes PwD Job Aspirants के लिए
- PM Divyangjan Shakti Kendra: Career counseling, exam guidance और skill training
- NHFDC Scholarship: PwD students को higher education loans और grants
- Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana: Free skill training, PwD के लिए special batches
- ALIMCO: Free assistive devices (wheelchair, hearing aid, white cane)
- DAISY Books: VH candidates के लिए digital audio books
- Blind Relief Association: Study material और coaching
- Umang App: Government services digitally accessible
Government schemes for job seekers की complete list पढ़ें जो PwD aspirants की preparation में financial support देती हैं।
Sarkari Exam for PwD Candidates FAQs
Section 34, RPWD Act 2016 के तहत 4% Horizontal Reservation सभी central government posts में है। यह VH (1%), HH (1%), OH (1%) और ID/MD (1%) में बंटी है। State governments में यह percentage अलग हो सकती है, जैसे Madhya Pradesh में 6% है।
General PwD को 10 years, OBC PwD को 13 years (OBC 3 + PwD 10) और SC/ST PwD को 15 years (SC/ST 5 + PwD 10) age relaxation मिलती है। UPSC CSE में General PwD 42 वर्ष तक apply कर सकते हैं।
VH (Blind), OH (लिखने में disability) और MD candidates को scribe मिलती है। HH candidates को generally scribe नहीं मिलती। Scribe की qualification candidate से एक class नीचे होनी चाहिए। Scribe exam authority द्वारा provide होती है या candidate खुद ला सकता है (exam rules अनुसार)।
Minimum 40% disability (Benchmark Disability) जरूरी है। 40% से कम disability वाले candidates government PwD reservation के eligible नहीं। Government Medical Board से certificate बनवाना होता है। Certificate पर disability type, percentage और medical board की seal होनी चाहिए।
हाँ। UPSC CSE में PwD candidates पूरी तरह eligible हैं। General PwD को 9 attempts, SC/ST PwD को unlimited attempts मिलते हैं। Zero fee, 10-15 years age relaxation, scribe और extra time सब available हैं। India में कई VH, OH और HH officers IAS और IRS में successfully serve कर रहे हैं।
Bank PO और Bank Clerk posts सभी PwD categories के लिए suitable हैं (VH, HH, OH, MD, ID सभी)। Office-based banking work PwD candidates के लिए most accessible career है। IBPS और SBI दोनों सभी exams में PwD quota maintain करते हैं।
Railway Ministerial Posts (Junior Clerk, Typist, Steno, JA/AA) PwD candidates के लिए most suitable हैं। Physical work वाली posts (Trackman, Gangman) PwD के लिए suitable नहीं। RRB NTPC में कई posts VH, HH और OH candidates के लिए notified होती हैं।
CAPF (BSF, CRPF, CISF, ITBP, SSB) और State Police में PwD candidates generally eligible नहीं होते क्योंकि इन posts में physical fitness compulsory है। SSC CPO जैसे police recruitment में PwD posts बहुत limited हैं। Banking, SSC CGL Desk Posts और UPSC CSE better alternatives हैं।
Section 36, RPWD Act 2016 के तहत unfilled PwD vacancies अगले recruitment cycle में carry forward होती हैं। इन्हें “Backlog Vacancies” कहते हैं। कभी-कभी departments specifically backlog PwD posts के लिए recruitment निकालते हैं। इन notifications को regularly check करते रहें।
